The human microbiota, encompassing microorganisms inhabiting various body sites, has been duly proposed as an ‘essential organ’ of the human body. The gut microbiome, notable for its abundance and diversity, significantly influences metabolic and immune functions. The beneficial microbes orchestrate metabolic functions, strengthen immunity and ameliorate the symptoms associated with gastrointestinal disorders, neuro developmental disorders, life style disorders, and cancer. Unethical antibiotic use, food poisoning, and infections can harm the gut microbiome leading to dysbiosis, so it’s crucial to follow healthy diet and life style to support beneficial microbes.In this regard, the team at CoEMhas postulated specific objectives to study the host-microbiome relationships, influence of traditional diet patterns and lifestyle practices on microbiome diversity and resistome analysis of various ethnic races and clinical cohorts. Translating microbiome research into treatments that modulate the microbiome through probiotics, synbiotics, Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT)/Microbiota reinstitution therapy could transform the management of common diseases in a sustainable manner. Recent advancements in sequencing and drug discovery can be channelised to develop robust microbial biomarkers underlying various diseases. Furthermore, data mining of gut microbiome databases can be employed to glean bioactive compounds and novel antimicrobials, backed by advanced bioinformatic tools. We sincerely hope that such promising endeavours will mobilize the available resources at large which can be effectively utilised for controlling infections and AMR.