The animal microbiome has significant implications for animal health, productivity and welfare. Leveraging precise techniques and data analysis can lead to advancements in areas such as disease resistance, nutrition, and overall animal well-being. The knowledge of host-microbiome symbiotic interactions can be applied to mitigate problems inwelfare, food security,economicand conservation purposes. By employing a multi-faceted approach, including animal nutrition and microbiota manipulation, it is possible to increase the yield and enhance disease resistance in livestock and poultry. The susceptibility and incidence of disease in animals can also be reduced leading to a reduction in the usage of antibiotics and other veterinary drugs. Tracing the source of zoonotic pathogens will help track the route of disease transmission. The Centre envisages to implement a “One Health” approachby engaging all stake holders via interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary studies which is the need of the hour.